Examples
Here are some simple examples that show the possibilities of the PyET framwework.
A simple PyBDM session
This PyBDM session demonstrates some uses of the PyBDM API with BDM pod, command and cpu interface objects. It also shows how to use the BDM interface to talk to an Intel StrataFlash memory through a bdmflash Python class.
Python 2.2.3 (#42, May 30 2003, 18:12:08) [MSC 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from pybdm import * # import pybdm
>>> pod = bdmpod(port(0x378)) # create a pod object that talks to ppbdm parallel-port
>>> pod.halt() # halt device
>>> pod.port.get_bit(*nHALT) # check halt bit (inverted)
0
>>> cmd = bdmcmd(pod) # create command layer that talks through pod
>>> my_csr = csr(cmd(RDMREG, CSR)) # a bdm register object
>>> hex(int(my_csr)) # convert to int
'0x1200000'
>>> for i in my_csr.bit: print i, ':', eval('my_csr.'+i) # inspect bits
...
BKD : 0
MAP : 0
UHE : 0
HALT : 0
HRL : 2
TRC : 0
NPL : 0
TRG : 0
EMU : 0
BSTAT : 0
FOF : 0
IPW : 0
BTB : 0
DDC : 0
SSM : 0
PCD : 0
BKPT : 1
>>> for i in range(8): print 'D[%d] = 0x%.8x' % (i, cmd(RDREG, i)) # inspect D registers
...
D[0] = 0xcf41c012
D[1] = 0x06300530
D[2] = 0x0004a406
D[3] = 0xb0320030
D[4] = 0x06060084
D[5] = 0x60844c30
D[6] = 0x22462108
D[7] = 0xd2002229
>>> my_mbar = 0xe0000000
>>> my_rambar = 0x20000000
>>> cmd(WCREG, MBAR, my_mbar+1) # set MBAR register
>>> cmd(WCREG, RAMBAR0, my_rambar+1) # set RAMBAR0 register
>>> dump = cmd(DPL, my_mbar, 128) # dump SIM contents into array of longs
>>> map(hex, dump)
['0x80000f00', '0xffff0000', '0x0', '0x30000000', '0xf000000', '0xf000000', '0xf
000000', '0xf000000', '0x80000f00', '0xffff0000', '0x0', '0x30000000', '0xf00000
0', '0xf000000', '0xf000000', '0xf000000', '0x0', '0xffffffff', '0x0', '0x0', '0
x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0xffffffff', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0'
, '0x0', '0x1000000', '0x1840011a', '0x3de0', '0x49060000', '0x81a0000', '0x0',
'0x90000000', '0x10000', '0x10', '0x40090000', '0xc2060010', '0x10', '0x14210000
', '0x10000040', '0x1100', '0xf0000000', '0x44', '0x40', '0x29110000', '0x100001
08', '0x1800', '0x200000', '0x20400044', '0x25c0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '
0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x280000', '0x280000', '0x12000000', '0x3880010', '0
x10240000', '0x20000000', '0x280000', '0x280000', '0x280000', '0x280000', '0x120
00000', '0x3880010', '0x10240000', '0x20000000', '0x280000', '0x280000', '0x0',
'0xffff0000', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0xffff0000', '0x
0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0xffff0000', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0',
'0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0xffff0000', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0
x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0xff000000', '0xf000000', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0x0',
'0x0', '0x0', '0x0', '0xf000000', '0xff000000', '0x0', '0x0']
>>> cmd(FLL, my_rambar, range(1024*2/4)) # fill SRAM with increasing 512 longs
>>> dump = cmd(DUMP, LONG, my_rambar, 1024*2/4) # dump SRAM using explicit DUMP command
>>> len(dump) # get length of array
512
>>> dump[0] # get some values
0
>>> dump[1]
1
>>> dump[2]
2
>>> dump[3]
3
>>> dump[64]
64
>>> dump[128]
128
>>> dump[2*1024/4-1]
511
>>> creg = {
... 'CACR': 0x002,
... 'ACR0': 0x004,
... 'ACR1': 0x005,
... 'ACR2': 0x006,
... 'ACR3': 0x007,
... 'VBR': 0x801,
... 'MACSR': 0x804,
... 'MASK': 0x805,
... 'ACC': 0x806,
... 'SR': 0x80e,
... 'PC': 0x80f,
... 'RAMBAR': 0xc04,
... 'MBAR': 0xc0f
... } # define control register addresses
>>> k = creg.keys(); k.sort()
>>> for i in k: print i, '=', hex(cmd(RCREG, creg[i])) # inspect control registers
...
ACC = 0x74910068
ACR0 = 0x40400000
ACR1 = 0x26880040
ACR2 = 0xb05e4000
ACR3 = 0x8e226000
CACR = 0x0
MACSR = 0x0
MASK = 0xffff3d09
MBAR = 0xe0000001
PC = 0x4f5f6bbe
RAMBAR = 0x20000001
SR = 0x2708
VBR = 0x0
>>> my_flash = 0xf0000000 # board Flash address
>>> cpu = bdmcf5407(pod, my_mbar) # create CF5407 BDM cpu interface object
>>> cpu.pod.halt() # halt device
>>> cpu.MBAR # get MBAR through CPU object layer
-536870911
>>> hex(_) # inspect MBAR
'0xe0000001'
>>> cpu.CSAR0 = (my_flash>>16) & 0xffff,W # configure Flash memory
>>> cpu.CSMR0 = 0x007f0001
>>> cpu.CSCR0 = 0x21c0,W
>>> cpu.DCR = 0x8650,W # configure DRAM memory
>>> cpu.DACR0 = 0x00009600
>>> cpu.DMR0 = 0x03fc0001
>>> cpu.DACR1 = 0x00
>>> cpu.DMR1 = 0x00
>>> sf = strataflash(cpu, my_flash) # create BDM StrataFlash interface object
>>> k = sf.read_codes() # read codes command
>>> dir(k)
['__doc__', '__module__', 'device', 'lock', 'manufacturer']
>>> hex(k.manufacturer) # inspect code contents
'0x89'
>>> hex(k.device)
'0x17'
>>> k.lock
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
>>> k = sf.read_query() # read query command
>>> dir(k)
['__doc__', '__module__', 'alternate_id_code', 'device', 'device_interface', 'de
vice_size', 'erase_block_region1', 'erase_block_regions', 'features', 'major_ver
sion', 'manufacturer', 'minor_version', 'pri', 'primary_algorithm_address', 'pri
mary_id_code', 'qry', 'secondary_algorithm_address', 'write_buffer_size']
>>> hex(k.device_interface) # inspect query contents
'0x2'
>>> hex(k.major_version)
'0x31'
>>> hex(k.minor_version)
'0x32'
>>> hex(k.primary_id_code)
'0x1'
>>> k.pri
'PRI'
>>> k.qry
'QRY'
>>> for i in range(1024): # fill DRAM through CPU object
... cpu[i*4] = i
...
>>> mem = cpu[0:1024*4:L] # dump using CPU slices interface
>>> mem # print array
array('l', [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19
, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39
, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59
, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79
, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99
, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115
, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131
, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147
, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163
, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179
, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195
, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211
, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227
, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243
, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259
, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275
, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291
, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307
, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323
, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339
, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355
, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371
, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387
, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403
, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419
, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435
, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451
, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467
, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483
, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499
, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515
, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531
, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547
, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563
, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579
, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595
, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611
, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627
, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643
, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659
, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 675
, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691
, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699, 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707
, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723
, 724, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739
, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755
, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765, 766, 767, 768, 769, 770, 771
, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 778, 779, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784, 785, 786, 787
, 788, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, 794, 795, 796, 797, 798, 799, 800, 801, 802, 803
, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819
, 820, 821, 822, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827, 828, 829, 830, 831, 832, 833, 834, 835
, 836, 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 843, 844, 845, 846, 847, 848, 849, 850, 851
, 852, 853, 854, 855, 856, 857, 858, 859, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 867
, 868, 869, 870, 871, 872, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 879, 880, 881, 882, 883
, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888, 889, 890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899
, 900, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, 911, 912, 913, 914, 915
, 916, 917, 918, 919, 920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 927, 928, 929, 930, 931
, 932, 933, 934, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939, 940, 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947
, 948, 949, 950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959, 960, 961, 962, 963
, 964, 965, 966, 967, 968, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979
, 980, 981, 982, 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, 988, 989, 990, 991, 992, 993, 994, 995
, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009
, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021, 1022,
1023])
>>> cpu.pod.reset() # reset device
Using a script to program a StrataFlash memory through BDM
This example uses the pybdm/arch/yazu/yazuprog script that programs through BDM an Intel StrataFlash memory present in a MCF5407-based board.
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ ./yazuprog
Usage: ./yazuprog command [arguments]
detect: detect flash type
erase [#b]: erases flash or block #b
blank [#b]: checks if flash or block #b is blank
lock [#b]: locks flash block #b
unlock [#b]: unlocks flash block #b
flash #o "f": flashes file "f" at offset #o
dump "f" #o #l: dumps #l bytes from offset #o to file "f"
reset: resets system
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ ./yazuprog detect
Device is Intel StrataFlash, 8388608 bytes [64 128kB-blocks]
Locks: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ ./yazuprog blank 0
Block 0 not blank
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ ./yazuprog erase 0
Erasing flash block 0
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ ./yazuprog blank 0
Block 0 blank
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ ./yazuprog flash 0 README.txt
Writing to flash... in 0.110000014305 seconds
Verifying data... Flash OK
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ wc README.txt
12 80 525 README.txt
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ ./yazuprog dump dump.bin 0 525
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ cat dump.bin
yazú Tools
----------
yazú is a line of embedded^CL boards based on Motorola ColdFire processors.
yazú^5407
--------
The yazú^5407 board consists of a Motorola MCF5407 processor, a Xilinx SpartanII
e FPGA in a PQ208 package, an Asix Ax88796L 10/100Base-T Ethernet controller, an
d a Philips ISP1161A USB controller, among other goodies like RS485 and IrDA. It
uses Intel StrataFlash memory.
Utilities:
- yazutest: script to configure a yazu^5407 board.
- yazuprog: script to program and test the flash of a yazu^5407 board.
Pablo Bleyer@pbleyer /cygdrive/e/cvs/pybdm/arch/yazu
$ _
Python Embedded Tools (a.k.a. PyET) is a set of Python programs, modules and scripts to aid in the development of embedded systems. Currently there are Python classes to control Background Debug Mode (BDM) pods for Motorola processors and JTAG boundary scan pods, and some examples classes to program the Flash memory of some boards.
PyET is evolving as a set of independent packages that are going to support a common Python interface. Development is being done in a layered fashion, where the lowest layer is a Python module (binary or not) that controls the hardware, and the topmost layer presents a user-friendly API.
