LordsAWar! User's Manual 0.1.9

The Main Screen at a Glance

• Temple

  

  A Temple is where stacks can go to get blessed, and heroes can find quests.

• Port

  

  A Port is where army units can get on or off ships.

• Selected Stack

  

  Army units must be first selected (with left-click) to command them. This stack has one army unit (shown by the length of the flag).

• City

  

  A City is a place that creates Army units, and provides valuable income.

• Unselected Stack

  

  This unselected stack has one army unit.

• Ruin

  

  A Ruin is a place a Hero can go to risk life for valuable rewards.

• Hills

  

  Some army units can move swiftly through hills, although most cannot.

• Mountains

  

  No army unit can move through mountains, they must be traversed around, or flown over.

• Forest

  

  Some army units can move swiftly through forests, although most cannot.

• Swamp

  

  No army units can travel swiftly through swamp, although it can be flown over by stacks that have the gift of flight.

• Signpost

  

  Signposts contain information that the player can view by right-clicking on it.

• Turn Indicator

  

  The Turn Indicator shows what round it is, and who's turn it is.

• Miniature Map

  

  The Miniature Map is the zoomed out view of the entire map.

• Zoomed-In Area

  

  The Zoomed-In Area denote by a white box is show on the left.

• Moves Left for the Army Unit

  

  This value is the number of movement points the army unit has left.

• Selected Army Unit in Stack

  

  The button appears pushed-in, meaning that this army unit is part of the stack. Other army units may appear to the right of this unit, in their own button. There can be up to 8 army units in a stack.

• Moves Left for the Stack

  

  This value is the number of movement points that the stack has left.

• Movement Bonus

  

  This graphic denotes which terrain the stack can move through swiftly. In this case the stack has the gift of flight.

• Water

  

  Only army units on ships can go in the water, although some army units can fly over the water.

• Bag

  

  A bag holds items that heroes can use. Upon the death of a hero, all of the hero's items are left in a bag on the ground.

A Closer Look at the Buttons

Below the mini-map, there are a set of buttons that allow the player to control stacks:

LordsAWar! games can contain a large number of stacks, and it's easy to forget about a stack. These buttons help the player manage large numbers of stacks. Here is what each of the buttons do:

• 

  Figure 3.

  Clicking this button causes the stack to travel along it's path.

• 

  Figure 4.

  Clicking this button causes the next stack to be selected.

• 

  Figure 5.

  Clicking this button causes the stack stop here. Clicking this button means that the stack will not be visited again as the player clicks the next-stack button for the duration of this turn.

• 

  Figure 6.

  Clicking this button causes the stack to be deselected. This stack will be visited again as the player clicks the "next stack" button.

• 

  Figure 7.

  Clicking this button causes the map to be centered on the selected stack.

• 

  Figure 8.

  Clicking this button causes the diplomacy screen to pop up. When other players make diplomatic proposals to you, the diplomacy button looks like this:

  

  Figure 9.

  This makes it easy for the player to tell if there are new diplomatic actions to consider.

• 

  Figure 10.

  Clicking this button causes the stack to go into defend mode. This will put the stack into a tent for the next turn.

• 

  Figure 11.

  Clicking this button causes the stack to explore a ruin or temple.

  When exploring a temple, the stack needs to be on a tile that has a temple; and clicking this button will cause the stack to be blessed (all army units will receive a bonus of 1 strength point).

  When exploring a ruin, the stack must contain a hero. Exploring a ruin means the hero will fight a monster in the ruin, and if successful will be given a reward. A hero's strength and the size of the accompanying stack that the hero attacks with are factors that determine success.

• 

  Figure 12.

  Clicking this button causes all stacks that have a path set, to travel along their paths.

• 

  Figure 13.

  Clicking this button causes the player to end her turn. This means that the player is finished moving stacks for this turn.

• 

  Figure 14.

  Clicking these buttons causes the stack to move in the given direction. These buttons are tied to the keypad; pressing keys on the keypad activates these buttons. Often it is preferable to move stacks by clicking on the map instead of using these movement buttons.

Some statistics appear at the bottom of the screen when a stack is not selected. The statistics look like this:

• Here is what these four values mean:

  

  Figure 16.

  The number beside this icon is the total number of cities you own.

• 

  Figure 17.

  The number beside this icon is the number of gold pieces in your treasury. You can use the gold pieces in your treasury to purchase a new army unit production capability in a city.

• 

  Figure 18.

  The number beside this icon is the number of gold pieces that your player makes every turn through city taxes (and perhaps a magical item that has a gold bonus).

• 

  Figure 19.

  The number beside this icon is the number of gold pieces that your player spends per turn on army unit maintenance (also called upkeep) costs.

Changing the Map View

It is useful to browse the map and take note of the features on the map. There are two ways to pan your view of the map:

• Through the Miniature Map:

  Using the miniature map to browse the map is frequently used to quickly change the map to show one of your cities, or one of your enemy's cities.

  Move the mouse onto the miniature map. The mouse pointer will become a magnifying glass that looks like:

  

  Figure 20.

  When you left-click on the miniature map, the zoomed-in portion of the map will change to the new view. You can also drag the view on the miniature map.

• Through the Main Map:

  Panning the map in this way is useful when you're interested in things that are nearby.

  When the pointer looks like a hand:

  

  Figure 21.

  you can drag the map. When you have a stack selected, you can hold down the Shift key on the keyboard to turn the mouse pointer back into a hand.

Inspecting objects on the map

Right-clicking and holding down the mouse button while hovering over a stack, city, ruin, temple, or signpost will show extra information about that object. The game option "View Enemies" prevents the inspection of enemy stacks.

Querying these objects for information is useful in many contexts:

• When playing with a hidden map, inspecting signposts can be a big help in finding new cities.

• It is also handy to quickly query a nearby ruin to see if it is unexplored.

• When playing with the "View Enemies" game option turned on, it is essential to inspect your enemy's stacks so that you can better gauge the threat they pose.

Commanding objects on the map

In order to work with either a stack or a city it must first be left-clicked.

What are they?

Cities appear as castles on the map display; they occupy four tiles on the screen; a two-by-two square. Cities appear as little shields on the miniature map.

Cities have a name, a defense level, and they provide a number of gold pieces to the player's treasury every turn.

The income is in the form of gold pieces, which happens to be exactly what army units require as their upkeep. Conquering more cities gives the player more money and enables the upkeep of more army units.

The defense level for the city is related to the number of army units that the city can produce. It has a maximum value of 3 and a minimum value of 0 (razed). Higher defense levels improve a city's chances in battle.

Each city can produce one of up to four different army unit types. After enough turns have passed the army unit shows up in the city and can be moved around the map as the player sees fit. Changing a city's production of army units is one of the main ways that a player affects the outcome of the game. The player can also choose to add a new army unit type to the suite of army unit types that the city can produce; which can cost a lot of gold pieces.

Army unit production can be viewed and modified in cities that the player owns. The production in enemy cities can also be viewed if the game is started with the "view production" option turned on.

Movement in a city that the player owns is the same as moving on a road; it is the easiest mode of transportation. Cities that are adjacent to the water act as a port; a jumping-off point for naval operations.

Army units located in the city fight as a single force when the city is attacked by the enemy. Some army units will have a special fighting bonus if they are defending a city, or attacking a city. To attack a city, move your army units to an adjacent tile and then attempt to move into the city.

Army units may not move through a foreign city without conquering it first.

Explanation of the City screen

When the player left-clicks on a city the following screen is displayed:

The most noticeable thing in the screen is the miniature map that only shows all of the player's cities. At a glance it shows; which cities are producing an army unit (shown by a white shield with an anvil), which ones are not (shown by a white shield without an anvil), and which city the player is currently visiting (shown by a black shield, with or without an anvil). The player can visit another city by left-clicking on it.

The screen contains information about the selected city. The title of the screen is the name of the city. To the right of the map the defense level is shown, along with the amount of money in gold pieces that this city provides. Next is the army unit that is currently being produced, and how many more turns until it becomes available for use. The set of buttons in the middle of the screen represent the set of army unit types that this city can produce. Below that are statistics about the army unit currently being produced.

The army units can be right-clicked on to get extra information about them.

A number of buttons appear at the bottom of the screen. Here is what they do:

• Stop.

  Stops the production army units in this city. Stopping production is a good idea if the player's total upkeep is higher than the total income.

• Buy.

  Make a new army unit available for production in this city. Warning: clicking this button will replace the currently selected production unit.

  Buying new army units is a good idea when the player needs an army unit with a particular capability and that capability does not exist in any of the other army units that the city already produces.

• Vector.

  Produce the unit in this city, but have it show up elsewhere on the map. Vectoring is useful when the player's "front line" is far away from this city. It can be used to quickly get new army units into far-away battles.

• Raze.

  Burn this city to the ground, and make it uninhabitable for the rest of the game. This operation is only available if the razing policy in the game options is set to "always".

  Razing an own city is useful to prevent it from falling into enemy hands. It is a last-ditch effort because no player can own the city after it is razed.

• Rename.

  Change the name of this city.

  Renaming a city can be a way of taunting another player. e.g. The Impregnable Fortress of Wog.

Producing new Army units

Army units come to life in cities after they have been "produced". Every army unit takes a number of turns to be produced; typically one to four turns. The city can produce one army unit at a time, for up to four different army unit types; these are shown as pictures in the boxes on the right side of the city screen. The button that appears to be pushed-in is the army unit type that is being produced in this city. When there is one button pushed-in, that army unit type's picture appears, with the number of turns left until the army unit appears in the city. If none of the army unit type buttons are pushed-in, then the city isn't producing an army unit at all.

To select a new army unit for production, left-click on it's button. The button will become pushed-in, and any other army unit type button will become pushed-out. This will cause production to stop on any prior army units in this city. This means if the player has one turn left before some dragons are produced, and then the player selects Pikemen, the dragons will not show up next turn. The player can right-click on each army unit type button to get more information about that army unit type's capabilities.

Taking Cities

Conquering cities is important because it leads to the player winning the game. After fighting the forces in an enemy city and winning, the player is presented with some options about how to take the city:

Here is what the various buttons at the bottom of the screen mean:

• Occupy.

  Take the city and leave the production in the new city unchanged.

• Pillage.

  Take the city and cash in the weakest army unit type that the city can produce for gold pieces. This will prevent that army unit from being produced in that city.

• Sack.

  Take the city and cash in all except weakest army unit type that the city can produce for gold pieces. The army units that are cashed-in will not be available for production any longer.

  If this button is not available, it is because the city has fewer than two army unit types available for production.

• Raze.

  Don't take the city; destroy it instead. This will make the city uninhabitable by any other player. Other players may not appreciate this course of action.

The easiest cities to conquer are the ones that aren't defended at all. The player can win the city with the weakest army unit.

Neutral cities are typically the next easiest to conquer; they are the unowned cities on the map. Neutral army units never stray from their castle; they never come to the aid of another neutral city nearby. Although neutral cities can be active in that they produce army units after an attempt to attack the city fails (this is a game option that can be turned on).

Buying new production capabilities

When none of the army unit types that the city can produce are desirable, the player can purchase a new army unit type for production within the city.

When the player clicks on the buy button in the city screen the following screen is shown:

After making a selection, click on the buy button to purchase the unit. Take special care because purchasing a new unit will replace the currently selected army unit type in the city screen!

Some army units are not shown in this screen because they are not purchasable at any price. Special units like dragons or ghosts cannot be purchased, and instead must be awarded to a Hero, or already present as production in a city.

How to read an Army Unit's stats

When the player right-clicks on an army unit in a stack, the following information is popped up:

Here we can see a unit of Light Infantry. It fights with a strength of 2 (more strength is better), and has 4 movement points left of a maximum of 12. The Light Infantry unit costs the player 3 gold pieces every turn.

Below the picture of the Giants, there is an image of mountains. This means that this army unit moves more efficiently over hills. Other terrain movement bonus pictures are: water, flight, forest, as well as forest/hills.

Augmenting an Army Unit's stats

Army units can get medals for fighting with distinction in battle. Each medal confers one point of strength to the wearer.

Army units also have a fighting bonus that only take effect during battle. For example, a unit of Giants fight more effectively in hills. There are many varieties of fighting bonuses and they are all covered in more detail elsewhere in this manual.

Army units can have a fortification bonus that is conferred after they are put into "defend" mode. When the enemy sees a stack with the fortified bonus, it appears to be in a small tent or tower. The fortification bonus is one point of strength per army unit during battle. Fortification has the added feature of masking the true size of the stack in the field to the enemy (the stack's flag is not shown).

Army units can visit temples and get blessed. The blessing confers a single point of strength upon the army unit. An army unit can only be blessed once by a temple, but may visit many different temples for many blessings.

Vectoring

Vectoring is a mechanism that invisibly transports new army units from one city to another city. This is a great convenience for quickly moving newly created army units across large distances. The cost for this convenience is time; the new army unit remains off the map for two whole turns. At the end of these two turns, the new unit pops up at the destination.

Vectoring is limited to new units, and to cities that the player already owns. This means that you can't vector army units that have already been created, which can sometimes be a great inconvenience. Another limitation is that a maximum of 4 cities can be vectored to a single destination city.

It is also possible to vector new units to a Hero's planted standard. The flag in the ground acts like a mobile city.

To initiate vectoring of new army units, go to the city screen for the city you want to vector from, and click on the "Vector..." button. In the vectoring screen, click on the "Vector" button and then click on the destination city on the miniature map.

Entering combat

The player initiates combat by moving a stack to a tile immediately adjacent to a foreign city or a stack, and then attempting to move the stack onto the foreign city or stack. The cursor will change from a pair of walking feet, into a sword or into a heart if the diplomacy game option is turned on, and the foreign stack or city is a friend). More information about diplomacy can be found elsewhere in this manual.

When attacking a city, the player needs to attack one of the four corners of the city; it doesn't make a difference if that corner contains an enemy stack or not. All of the army units in the city will fight as a single force against the attacking stack. When an army unit attacks another stack from a city, it only attacks with the other army units in it's stack, and not that of the entire city.

There is a military advisor that can help the player decide if a given combat should be entered into or not. After the stack has moved adjacent to it's target, and the cursor icon is a sword (or a heart), press the shift key; the cursor will change to a question mark. When the player left-clicks when the question mark is being shown, the military advisor will prognosticate on the outcome. Beware that the military advisor doesn't see the future, and is offering advice that the player can choose to accept or ignore. The military advisor is a game option that has to be turned on when the game is created to be available in the game.

Fighting Order

When combat is entered, all of the combatant army units line up for battle. The two frontmost army units duel each other until one of them dies; the army unit that remains standing fights the next enemy army unit. This continues until a player has no army units left to fight with.

The player has some control over how the army units line up for battle: it is called the fight order. The fight order is controlled by the army unit type of the combatants; this is why scouts often fight prior to heroes. The fight order can be seen by opening up the fight order dialog:

Bonuses

Army units have other capabilities that are not shown when the player right-clicks on them. One of these extra capabilities is the fighting bonus which can be seen in the Army Bonus dialog:

• +1 str in open, +2 str in open

  The army unit is stronger when fighting while standing on grass. When the army unit is fighting on grass, it fights as an army unit that has one or two points more strength than it was produced with.

• +1 str in woods.

  The army unit is stronger when fighting while standing in a forest. When the army unit is fighting in the forest, it fights as an army unit that has one more point of strength than it was produced with.

• +1 str in hills.

  The army unit is stronger when fighting while standing in hills. When the army unit is fighting in the hils, it fights as an army unit that has one more point of strength than it was produced with.

• +1 str in city, +2 str in city.

  The army unit is stronger when defending a city. When the army unit is fighting in a city, it fights as an army unit that has one or two more points of strength than it was produced with.

• +1 stack in hills.

  All army units in the stack are stronger when fighting in the hills. When the army unit is fighting in the hills, all of the army units it is fighting with have one more point of strength than they were produced with.

• Cancel city bonus.

  The city bonus is related to the natural defensive abilities of the city. When a city produces more kinds of units (e.g. up to 4 different kinds), the city bonus is higher for that city. The city bonus can be entirely nullified by bringing into battle a single army unit that has this particular fighting ability.

• -1 enemy stack.

  This army unit nullifies one point of strength from each of the army units it is attacking.

• +1 stack, +2 stack.

  All army units in the stack are stronger when fighting. When the army unit is fighting, all of the army units it is fighting with have one more point of strength than they were produced with.

• cancel hero.

  This army unit nullifies any fighting bonuses an enemy Hero brings to the battle.

• cancel non-hero.

  This army unit nullifies any fighting bonuses an enemy army unit (except for a hero) brings to the battle.

Stacks

Stack composition is a key factor in winning the game. There is no such thing as the perfect stack in LordsAWar!; only an ideal stack for a given task. The wise player will make careful choices about which army units will be included in any given stack.

Generally it is best to maximize the total number of strength points in the stack. However if a stack of strong army units cannot move very far, the player might be more wise to construct a weaker stack that will reach the target in a more timely manner.

It generally makes sense to have army units that have city fighting bonuses to reside in cities. The trade-off here is that these armies are unsuited to traveling overland to attack remote cities; the player also needs to create units that are offensively suited. The player can only afford so many army units at any given time.

Example of combat in the field

Here the yellow player wishes to attack the red player. The yellow player has selected a stack that has one Orcish Mob unit. The yellow player wishes to attack the enemy Light Infantry unit to the southeast. Either the yellow player will succeed in destroying the red unit, or the yellow unit will die trying.

The yellow player commits to the battle by left-clicking on the red army unit withe sword cursor. The battle ensues:

The battle finishes, and the yellow unit of Orcish Mob succeeds in killing the unit of red's Light infantry. The red player loses the unit of Light Infantry:

Example of combat in a city

Here the yellow player wishes to attack the red player. The yellow player has selected a stack that has one Orcish Mob unit. The yellow player wishes to attack the enemy city to the northwest. Either the yellow player will succeed in capturing the red city, or the yellow unit will die trying.

The yellow player commits to the battle by left-clicking on the red city with the sword cursor. The battle ensues:

The battle finishes, and the yellow unit of Orcish Mob does not succeed in killing the remaining enemy units, an as a result the unit Orcish Mob dies. The red player retains the city:

Using Heroes to your advantage

Heroes have a natural command bonus that gives a strength bonus to all other army units fighting in the hero's stack. The command bonus increases for more experienced heroes. It is a good strategy to have other army units to travel with heroes. The command bonus means that all army units in the stack fight with greater strength; the larger command the hero has, the more powerful the other army units in the stack will act in battle.

Heroes can increase levels as experience is gained in battle. When a new level is attained a hero can increase it's strength, it's movement points, or it's sight (when playing a scenario with fog of war). Powerful heroes are hard to kill, and are often targeted by other players.

Heroes can find and carry useful items. Items can give the hero more strength in battle, or a larger command bonus; they can also give the player a gold bonus (per city), or double the movement of all army units in the hero's stack, or give the stack the gift of flight. Heroes can drop items to give to other heroes. A wise player will distribute powerful objects among heroes.

Heroes can make special use of the player's battle standard; it can be planted in the ground and army units can be vectored to it from far-off cities. This can only be done with the player's own standard, and not with a standard belonging to an opponent. It is good strategy to retain ownership of the player's battle standard, so that it can be employed at a crucial stage of the game.

Unlike other army units, heroes do not cost the player anything to keep per turn.

Exploring ruins

Ruins appear as white dots on the miniature map, and as a grey stone building occupying one tile on the large map screen. Heroes can visit ruins and explore them; this is accomplished by moving the hero's stack onto the ruin, and clicking the search button (the magnifying glass).

It is a dangerous thing for a hero to search a ruin! The hero will likely encounter a monster, and the hero may or may not survive the battle. Successfully exploring a ruin will yield a treasure to the hero. The hero will sometimes be rewarded with gold pieces, sometimes with a magical item, and sometimes with powerful ally army units. Once a ruin is explored, it cannot be explored again.

Going on Quests

Heroes can visit temples and obtain quests. Temples appear as white dots on the miniature map, and as a brown shrine occupying one tile on the large map screen. A temple is visited by moving the hero's stack onto the temple and then clicking the search button (the magnifying glass).

A quest is a mission to complete a particular task in the game. The hero is well rewarded for completing a quest. Quests come in many varieties:

• Hero Assassination Quest

  The hero is tasked with dispatching another hero in the game.

• Kill Enemy Stacks Quest

  The hero is tasked with killing a specific number of a specific player's army units.

• City Occupation Quest

  The hero is tasked with capturing a particular city, and occupying it.

• City Sacking Quest

  The hero is tasked with capturing a particular city, and sacking it.

• City Razing Quest

  The hero is tasked with capturing a particular city, and razing it.

• Kill Army Unit Type Quest

  The hero is tasked with killing a particular kind of army unit -- e.g. a unit of Ghosts. The army unit can belong to any player.

• Plunder Quest

  The hero is tasked with plundering a specific amount of gold pieces by pillaging and sacking cities.

Upon completing a quest, the hero is rewarded with a large number of gold pieces, or a magical item, or some powerful allies.

Some quests can expire, freeing the hero to obtain another quest.

There is a game option that controls how often a hero can obtain a quest from a temple. If the "one quest per player" policy is chosen, it means that the player can only have one hero on a quest at any given time. Every player could potentially have a questing hero, except for the neutral player who doesn't have heroes. The alternative questing policy is to allow one quest per hero. This means that each player can have many heroes on quests simultaneously.

Traveling over land

Stacks are usually moved over land, and movement can be more effective or less effective depending on the kind of terrain the stack is moving on. The different kinds of terrain are:

• roads,
• hills,
• swamp,
• forest,
• grass,
• water,
• and mountains.

Stacks that move on roads, or cities move with the greatest ease. Grass is the next easiest terrain feature to move through. Some stacks may have army units that provide a movement bonus that makes the whole stack move faster through forest, or hills. Mountains are usually impassable, unless the stack can fly. Swamps are always difficult to move through.

Traveling over water

Naval operations can be a crucial avenue to victory in the game. To begin naval operations, simply move a stack into the water. The stack's remaining movement points will be completely sapped with the effort of putting into the water. During the next turn, the stack will have 18 movement points; this is how far a boat can move in LordsAWar!. When the stack eventually moors back onto land, all of the remaining movement points will again be sapped with the effort.

Stacks can get into and out of the water at different places on the map:

• at a city that is adjacent to water,
• at a port (a black anchor on the map),
• and at a bridge.

Battle on the open seas is an encumbering experience for land-loving army units! Those army units fight with similar effectiveness when on a boat. Flying units will fight with their regular veracity, not being encumbered by the walls of a ship.

When a hero dies on the water, the items belonging to that hero are lost to the sea forever.

Resting

There is a resting bonus that gives a stack more movement points if it didn't use all of it's movement points in the previous turn. If a stack has 2 or more movement points at the end of the player's turn it receives 2 extra movement points next turn. If a stack has 1 movement point at the end of the player's turn, it retains that point into the next turn.

Using Diplomacy to your advantage

Explanation of the Diplomatic Report

Scenario options

Here are the options that are settable at the start of a game:

• View Enemies

  When this option is turned on, the player can right-click on enemy stacks in the large map screen and see their contents.

• View Production

  When this option is turned on, the player can right-click on enemy cities in the large map screen and see their production.

• Quests

  This option controls how often heroes can visit temples to obtain quests. This option can have one of the following values:

  • No Questing

    No heroes can obtain quests at temples.

  • One Quest Per Player

    Only one hero can obtain a quest from a temple. If one hero has a quest, another hero belonging to the same player cannot obtain a quest.

  • One Quest Per Hero

    Each hero that the player owns can obtain a quest from a temple. A single hero cannot have two or more quests.

• Hidden Map

  When this option is turned on, the map is turned black and the player's stacks must explore the map to uncover it. This option is also known as fog of war.

• Diplomacy

  When this option is turned on, the player is not automatically at war with all other players; instead some of them are allies and cannot be attacked without diplomatic consequences.

• Neutral Cities

  This option controls the behaviour of neutral cities. This option can be one of three values:

  • Average

    Neutral cities are manned by the weakest army unit they can produce.

  • Strong

    Neutral cities are manned by the strongest army unit they can produce.

  • Active

    Neutral cities start to produce army units after they resist an attacked by a player.

• Cusp Of War

  For this option to be available, the diplomacy option must first be turned on. When this option is turned on, all computer players will declare war on human players at an early stage within the game.

• Razing Cities

  This option governs when the player may raze cities. It can have one of three values:

  • Always Allowed

    The player can always raze cities.

  • On Capture

    The player may only raze cities when it is conquered in battle.

  • Never

    The player may never raze cities (not even in the city screen).

• Intense Combat

  Use a slightly different calculation for battles that makes gaps in strength less evident.

• Quick Start

  This option gives players some cities to start off with so that the early stages of the game can be skipped. Quick Start has two modes:

  • Evenly Divided

    Each player gets the same number of cities. No neutral cities remain.

  • Enemy Head Start

    Each computer player gets a few extra cities. The number of extra cities depends on the total number of cities. Human players keep a single city.

• Military Advisor

  Make the military advisor available. This means the player can get advice on a battle by pressing the Shift key and left-clicking on an adjacent target.

• Random Turns

  Change the order that the players get to take their turn. This option changes the order every round of the game.

Hot-seat Play

Playing a game in hotseat mode is the traditional way to play LordsAWar!. The idea here is that there are two or more human players, and when it's their turn they are said to be in the "hot-seat"; they get to move their stacks. The other players are usually not allowed to watch the player in the hot-seat make their moves, although it certainly can be fun to do so. When the player is finished the turn, the "end-turn" button is pressed and the next player is notified that it is now their turn.

A hotseat game begins with all players agreeing on the scenario options, and then conducting their turns in order until there's a winner.

Playing a hotseat game is advantageous when all players are near the same computer.

Playing By Email

Playing a game by email is advantageous when players aren't near the same computer and they take a long time to finish a turn.

It works by assigning one person as the "game-master", who players receive their games from via email. When a player receives a LordsAWar! game from the game-master, it means it is their turn to move. The player saves the game out of their email program, and then loads the game using the "Load Game" button in the main menu of LordsAWar!. The player then conducts their turn in the normal fashion by moving stacks around the map. When the "end turn" button is pressed, the player is asked to save a "turn-file". The turn-file is saved, and then the player is expected to attach this file to an email and send it to the game master. The player then waits to receive another game from the game-master.

The game-master uses the "lordsawar-pbm" program to process turn-files from players. The program takes two filenames on the command-line:

• The turn-file that was received from the play who has finished their move.
• The saved-game file that was sent to the player who has finished their move.

The game-master notifies all of the players when the game is over, and when a human player is vanquished.

One of the disadvantages of playing a game by mail is that players can't watch other players as they move.

Network Play

Network play allows players to enjoy a game of LordsAWar! over the internet. Players who play in a network game can watch their opponents move their stacks around the map, and can even chat with their opponents as they do so.

Network play works by having one player start a new game that other players will connect to. The player who starts the game is said to be on the server. Before the game starts, the map, number of players and game options are chosen by the player who serving the game. If the server stops running LordsAWar!, or her connection to the internet is temporarily severed, the game will cease to function. The other players can connect to the server by specifying it's IP address. These other players are said to be clients of the server.

Common networking problems can arise when clients try to connect to servers. Often a particular port on a firewall needs to be opened so that communication can be established. For LordsAWar! the port that needs to be opened is 14998.

Players of a network game can join and leave at any time, but beware that the game stops for everyone if a player is absent and it is their turn to move.

After the game server is running, the lobby screen is shown. Clients also see this screen when they connect to the game server. Here is what the lobby looks like:

The lobby screen has three main portions: the chat window, the seats, and the map. The figure shows two people (ben and benny) playing a five-sided game with a map that has 80 cities. Benny is responsible for playing for one human player, while Ben is responsible for playing all other players, one of which is human and the rest are computer players. It is currently benny's turn to move The Sirians.

As clients connect to the server, they appear in the People list of the chat window. To send a message to all other players, type in a message into the box next to "Send:" and press the Enter key. As clients leave, their name gets removed from the People list.

To play the game, players need to "sit down" at a seat. This is accomplished by clicking the "Seated" checkbox beside the shield of the player the person wants to play as. After this happens the player may choose to change their name. This is accomplished by clicking on "The Sirians" (for example), and typing in a new name and pressing the Enter key.

The map portion of the game lobby is there to familiarize the players with the map that this scenario is using. Players can use this information to choose which seat they will sit down in. Perhaps there is value in starting in a city that is farther away from human opponents. The map is not shown when the scenario is using a hidden map.

Players can choose to leave this lobby window can stay open for the duration of the game for chatting purposes, or to monitor the availability of opponents. Other clients who are only observing the game will keep this window open to watch the progress of the game as it unfolds. Observers will watch the map change, and see the turn indicator cycle through the players, and they can chat with the players about what they see happening in the game.