Chapter |
Section |
Subsection |
Status |
Chemical Bonding | | | |
" | What is a molecule? | | |
" | " | The molecule | |
" | " | Giant molecules | |
" | " | Van der Waal's forces | |
" | Typs of bonds | | |
" | " | Ionic bonds | |
" | " | Formation of ionic crystals | |
" | " | Covalent bonds | |
" | " | Polar covalent bonds | |
" | " | The metallic bond | |
" | Representation of molecular structure | | |
" | " | How do we represent molecules? | |
" | " | Lewis structures | |
" | " | Couper structures | |
" | The shape of molecules | | |
" | " | Molecular shape | |
" | " | Linear molecules | |
" | " | Angular molecules | |
" | " | Pyramidal molecules | |
" | " | Tetrahedral molecules | |
Reactions | | | |
" | Ionic reactions | | |
" | " | What are ionic reactions? | |
" | " | Precipitation reactions | |
" | " | Formation of gases | |
Hydrogen | | | |
" | The element | | |
" | Chemical properties | | |
" | Metal hydrides | | |
" | Water | | |
Oxygen and oxides | | | |
" | The element | | |
" | Reaction with metals | | |
" | Reaction with non-metals | | |
" | Some reactions of oxides | | |
" | Combustion | | |
Carbon, its oxides and carbonates | | | |
" | The element | | |
" | The combustion of carbon | | |
" | Carbon dioxide | | |
" | Carbon monoxide | | |
" | Carbonates | | |
Reduction and Oxydation Reactions | | | |
" | Introduction | | |
" | " | Oxidation and reduction | |
" | " | Redox reagents | |
" | Balancing redox reactions | | |
" | " | The ion-electron method | |
" | The Cu-Zn electrochemical cell | | |
" | " | Direct electron transfer | |
" | " | The Cu-Zn cell | |
" | Standard electrode potentials | | |
" | " | The cell potential | |
" | " | The standard hydrogen electrode | |
" | Examples of electrochemical cells | | |
" | " | The dry cell (Leclanché cell) | |
" | " | The lead-acid accumulator | |
" | " | The fuel cell | |
" | Electrolysis | | |
" | " | Introduction | |
" | Electrolysis of water | |
" | Extraction of aluminium | | |
" | Electrorefining of copper | | |
" | Electroplating | | |
" | Faraday's laws of electrolysis | | |
Chemical Equilibrium | | | |
" | Reaction rates | | |
" | " | Reactants and products | |
" | " | Definition of the reaction rate | |
" | " | Initial rates | |
" | " | Factors affecting reaction rates | |
" | Energy changes in chemical reactions | | |
" | " | Exothermic and endothermic reactions | |
" | " | The energy of activation | |
" | Chemical equilibrium | | |
" | " | Reversible reactions | |
" | " | The equilibrium constant | |
" | " | Le Chatelier's principle | |
" | The common ion effect | | |
" | " | Equilibrium in solution | |
" | " | The solubility product | |
" | " | The common ion effect | |
Acids and Bases | | | |
" | Introduction to acids and bases | | |
" | " | Reactions of acids | |
" | " | Reactions of bases | |
" | " | The Arrhenius theory | |
" | The Lowry-Brønsted theory | | |
" | " | Definition of acids and bases | |
" | " | Polyprotic acids | |
" | " | Amphiprotic substances | |
" | Strength of acids and bases | | |
" | " | Ionization of acids | |
" | " | The ionization constant | |
" | " | Ionization of bases | |
" | The pH scale | | |
" | " | The ionization of water | |
" | " | The pH scale | |
" | The hydrolysis of ions | | |
" | " | The pH of salt solutions | |
" | " | The reaction of ions with water | |
" | Acid-base titrations | | |
" | " | Measurements of reacting volumes | |
" | " | Acid-base indicators | |
" | " | Titration curves | |
Nitrogen and Nitrogen Compounds | | | |
" | The element | | |
" | Ammonia | | |
" | Nitrous oxide | | |
" | Nitric oxide | | |
" | Nitrogen dioxide | | |
" | Nitric acid | | |
Sulphur and Sulphur Compounds | | | |
" | The element | | |
" | Sulphur dioxide | | |
" | Sulphur trioxide | | |
" | Sulphuric acid and sulphates | | |
" | The contact process | | |
" | Hydrogen sulphide | | |
Halides and Halogens | | | |
" | The elements | | |
" | Chlorine | | |
" | Hydrogen chloride | | |
" | Halides | | |
Organic Chemistry | | | |
" | Introduction | | |
" | " | What is organic chemistry? | |
" | " | Structure of organic compounds | |
" | " | Isomerism | |
" | Hydrocarbons | | |
" | " | Alkyl groups | |
" | " | The IUPAC nomenclature | |
" | " | Alkenes | |
" | " | Alkynes | |
" | " | Reactions of hydrocarbons | |
" | " | Haloalkanes | |
" | Alkanols, carboxylic acids and esters | | |
" | " | Alkanols | |
" | " | Carboxylic acids | |
" | " | Esters | |